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Compliance

Toy Safety: EU vs. US Requirements

Toys are one of the most heavily regulated consumer product categories in the world — and for good reason. A defective toy can cause choking, lacerations, chemical poisoning, or strangulation in a matter of seconds. Because the end-user is a child, regulators apply a zero-tolerance approach to non-compliance.

If you manufacture, import, or sell toys in the European Union or the United States, you must navigate two distinct but equally demanding regulatory regimes: the EU Toy Safety Directive (2009/48/EC) and the US Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSIA), which mandates a Children's Product Certificate (CPC). Understanding the differences — and producing compliant documentation for both markets — is essential for uninterrupted market access.

FCC Part 15 Guide: Testing & Certification

In July 2026, the FCC fined eight companies $25,000 each for failing to respond to inquiries about imported wireless devices. The same month, an FCC enforcement notice detailed how a modified handheld radio caused harmful interference to a county's 911 emergency communications channel. Non-compliance with Part 15 is not theoretical — the FCC investigates and fines regularly.

A company recently shipped 5,000 units of a smart home device to a US distributor. The shipment was held at customs because their FCC Supplier's Declaration of Conformity referenced the wrong test standard. That mistake cost them two weeks and $12,000 in storage fees.

FCC Part 15 is mandatory federal law enforced by the FCC, and it applies to virtually every product containing digital circuitry — from a simple microcontroller to the most advanced wireless device. We process FCC declarations for hundreds of electronics clients on the Sustalium platform, and the most common mistakes are almost always avoidable. Here is exactly what you need to know.

What Is a Declaration of Conformity?

Every product that enters the European market under a CE marking directive must be accompanied by a Declaration of Conformity. It is the single most important compliance document a manufacturer signs — and yet most first-time importers and SME manufacturers cannot answer three basic questions: what it is, what it must contain, and who is legally responsible for signing it.

This guide answers all three.

Building a Culture of Compliance

Here is a scenario that plays out every day in small and medium manufacturers around the world: the quality manager receives an urgent email from the company's biggest customer. The customer needs a complete compliance dossier for Product X — REACH declarations, RoHS certificates, Country of Origin verification, and a signed Modern Slavery Statement — by Friday. The quality manager opens a shared drive called "Compliance (OLD)" and starts digging through folders named by supplier, by year, by whoever created them. Some certificates are PDFs buried in long email threads. Some have expired. Some are for the wrong legal entity. The quality manager spends 40 hours assembling the dossier, submits it late, and the customer's procurement team flags the company as "high maintenance."

This is not a compliance failure. This is a compliance culture failure. And it is the single biggest risk facing SME manufacturers today — bigger than any specific regulation, bigger than any single missing certificate.

California SB 253 & SB 261: Climate Compliance

If your business sells products into California, operates facilities in the state, or supplies components to companies that do, you are about to be swept into one of the most aggressive climate disclosure regimes in the world. California's Climate Corporate Data Accountability Act (SB 253) and Climate-Related Financial Risk Act (SB 261) create legally enforceable carbon reporting mandates that go well beyond anything currently required at the US federal level.

While the direct filing obligations apply only to large companies, the data collection burden cascades down the entire supply chain. If you are an SME supplier to a California-reporting company, you will receive detailed carbon data requests — and your ability to respond will determine whether you keep your contracts.

Canada's Modern Slavery Act (Bill S-211)

North America is aggressively cracking down on forced and child labor in global supply chains. While much of the global focus has been on the US UFLPA, Canada's Fighting Against Forced Labour and Child Labour in Supply Chains Act (Bill S-211) has quietly introduced some of the strictest penalties in the world for supply chain negligence.

If your business manufactures, buys, or imports goods in Canada, and you meet certain revenue or asset thresholds, you are legally required to file a highly detailed annual report by May 31st each year.

Compliance Is Proof, Not Paperwork

For decades, compliance meant paperwork. Fill in the form. Print the certificate. Pin it to the wall. File the PDF. Email the attachment. Repeat annually.

A new category is replacing that model. It is called the Compliance Trust Center — and it changes not just how companies manage compliance, but what compliance means.

Compliance is no longer a document you file. It is proof you publish.

5 Compliance Docs Every Manufacturer Must Publish

A buyer requests a meeting. They're evaluating your product for a major retail contract. The first 20 minutes go well — your product meets their specs, your pricing is competitive, your delivery timelines are feasible.

Then they ask: "Can you send us your compliance documentation?"

If your answer involves a pause, a forwarded email, or the phrase "I'll get that from our regulatory team" — you have already lost points. Buyers who request compliance documents and receive them instantly, in a verifiable format, move to the top of the evaluation list. Buyers who promise to send PDFs later move to the bottom.

Here are the five compliance documents every manufacturer should have published online — as live, QR-verifiable pages — before their next buyer meeting.

EU AI Act Compliance for Product Manufacturers

If your products contain software that makes decisions, recognizes patterns, generates outputs, or interacts with users — even basic features like predictive text, smart sensors, or automated quality grading — you are now regulated under the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (Regulation [EU] 2024/1689).

This is not a law for Silicon Valley alone. The EU AI Act applies to every manufacturer, importer, and distributor placing AI-enabled products on the European market. And because the Act is integrated with the New Legislative Framework (NLF), AI compliance is now directly tied to your CE Mark. If your AI system does not meet the Act's requirements, your product cannot legally carry the CE Mark — and cannot be sold in the European Union.